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Most people think of solar panels or Photovoltaic (PV) energy production, but solar energy can also be reflected with mirrors to a specific point then used to heat water or special materials including oils. Steam from super-heated water can be used to generate electricity, which is generally done with curved mirrors or mirrors positioned in an array to concentrate their reflection on the container of water.
A trough-shaped mirror or an array of mirrors can be used to heat water contained in a central location. The water can be turned into steam which can turn a turbine, creating electricity or providing hot water to homes or communities.
One additional benefit is that heating water to such high temperatures means, bacteria and other contaminants can be eliminated, producing safe drinking water.
Alternatively certain types of oil can be used to generate electricity from a parabolic system.
These can be installed in small batches on or near a building, used in remote locations, or can be installed at a massive scale for community utilities or industrial use. They can produce electricity or be used to heat water.
These can provide energy during a power outage or camping trip.
PV systems are generally paired with lead acid batteries. Click the Lead Acid Batteries button to learn more.
"Heating water accounts for 25% of residential energy use worldwide, mostly achieved by burning fossil fuels. Solar water heaters do the job without combustion. Unlike solar photovoltaic (PV) systems, which convert sunlight into electricity, solar thermal systems collect solar energy as heat. Solar water heaters transfer this heat to water in a holding tank. Other energy sources, such as natural gas or electricity from a power grid, serve as a backup for cloudy days." - https://ensia.com/features/solar-water-heaters-israel-renewable-energy-thermal-photovoltaic/
Some solar water heaters rely on a dark chamber to absorb heat as water pipes run through, taking the heat as it moves.
Other models use a parabolic trough, with a water pipe precisely placed in the middle, where the reflected solar energy is concentrated for collection.
This video 9:33 minute video shows how mirrors can be used to heat a variety of materials including oil, steam, air, rocks, and even molten salt. This can generate heat or electricity.
There are 3 ways to cook with solar, solar panels can create electricity for electric appliances, while solar dehydrators and ovens use solar energy directly, without converting to electricity.
This is one of the oldest forms of solar use, as humans have been drying fruits like grapes into raisins, fish, and meats since before history began. Now we have advances to protect our food from bird droppings, insects. We can add fans to reduce the chance of mold forming, and glass panels to prevent rain from spoiling a batch. Black paint can help increase the internal temperature of a more enclosed system, though some people dry with nothing but a mesh panel and rope or rocks to help keep the food off the ground.
This is one of the easiest, low-tech ways to make use of the sun, but you can get more complicated and technical depending on your skill and confidence levels.
These can be bought or made. They will only cook during daylight hours, and function better on sunny days than cloudy ones. Some will even turn dough into bread!
We turned a simple pizza box into a solar oven with some packing tape and tin foil. We used a kebab skewer to hold open the lid flap we had cut. We were worried about using plastic wrap, so instead we turned an glass baking tray upside down to capture more heat. We put our chocolate treats in silicon baking cups under the glass tray. Even though our test day was very cloudy, the treats melted easily!
Farmers can cut their own utility costs or even produce extra energy for sale to the grid. Solar panels can help shade crops which protects them from heat waves and hail storms, while also reducing the crop's need for irrigation.
Energy production on farms can help support the energy needs of rural communities and businesses. Mills and other processing locations could also benefit from the reduced cost of energy, vs the soaring costs of fossil fuels.
According to the Farmers Electric Cooperative, based on information from the U.S. Department of Energy the following are a variety of reasons why making the switch to EVs can be beneficial:
"Electric Vehicles (EV) Cost Less To Operate Than Gas Powered Cars.
EV operation can be three to five times cheaper than gasoline and diesel powered cars, depending on your local gasoline and electric rates.
EVs Are Environmentally Friendly.
EVs have no tailpipe emissions. The power plant producing your electricity may produce emissions, but electricity from hydro, solar, nuclear or wind-powered plants is generally emission-free.
Never Go To The Gas Station Again.
Electric vehicles do not require gasoline and can be charged at home with a standard 120V outlet or a 240V level 2 charger can be installed for faster, more efficient charging.
EV Performance Benefits.
Electric motors provide quiet, smooth operation, stronger acceleration and require less maintenance than gasoline-powered internal combustion engines.
EV Driving Range & Recharge Time.
EV range is typically around 80 to over 330 miles on a full charge. The average American’s daily round-trip commute is less than 30 miles. Fully recharging the battery pack can take four to eight hours. A "fast charge" to 80% capacity can take 30 min."
In places like Africa a female farmer may find that a solar pump reduces not only labor but boost crop production and income about 30%.
Click the Solar for Farmers button to learn about programs and businesses in your area that specifically help farmers so solar. We've gathered info about grants, reimbursement programs, and more.
"Heating water accounts for 25% of residential energy use worldwide, mostly achieved by burning fossil fuels. Solar water heaters do the job without combustion. Unlike solar photovoltaic (PV) systems, which convert sunlight into electricity, solar thermal systems collect solar energy as heat. Solar water heaters transfer this heat to water in a holding tank. Other energy sources, such as natural gas or electricity from a power grid, serve as a backup for cloudy days." - Ensia: Solar Water Heaters Israel Renewable Energy Thermal Photovoltaic
Click the Water Heater button to learn which water heaters may make the most sense for your location and needs.
"There are now 7,332 K-12 schools using solar power nationwide, making up 5.5% of all K-12 public and private schools in the United States.
Since 2014, K-12 schools saw a 139% increase in the amount of solar installed. Today, 5.3 million students attend a school with solar.
79% of the solar installed on schools was financed by a third party, such as a solar developer. This allows schools and districts, regardless of the size of their budget, to purchase solar energy and receive immediate energy cost savings.
Solar-powered school districts can save significantly on energy costs over time. For example, Tucson Unified School District in Arizona expects to save $43 million over 20 years. In Arkansas, the Batesville School District used energy savings to become the highest-paying school district in the county with teachers receiving up to $9,000 per year in raises.
The top five states for solar on schools are California, New Jersey, Arizona, Massachusetts, and Indiana." - The Solar Foundation: Solar Schools
Click the Solar for Schools button to learn about programs and businesses in your area that specifically help schools so solar. We've gathered info about grants, reimbursement programs, and more.
Some of these companies not only install solar systems on school grounds, but also include educational packets that track your school's energy use, to better engage students about the technology as it applies in their own school and community.
Clean Energy Authority: Solar Energy Resources covers many topics from how many panels you need to power your home, and info about roof tile and flexible PV, as well as topics on specific technologies such as inverters, batteries, and hybrid PV/thermal systems.
The Avian Solar Work Group (ASWG) "is a collaborative group of environmental organizations, academics, solar companies, and solar industry representatives that will advance coordinated scientific research to better understand how birds interact with solar facilities."
The Clean Energy States Alliance "is a national, nonprofit coalition of public agencies and organizations working together to advance clean energy.
CESA works with state leaders, federal agencies, industry representatives, and other stakeholders to develop clean energy programs and inclusive renewable energy markets. CESA members—mostly state agencies—include many of the most innovative, successful, and influential public funders of clean energy initiatives in the country."
The Climate Pollution Reduction Grants (CPRG) Program "provides $5 billion in grants to states, local governments, tribes, and territories to develop and implement ambitious plans for reducing greenhouse gas emissions and other harmful air pollution. Authorized under Section 60114 of the Inflation Reduction Act, this two-phase program provides $250 million for noncompetitive planning grants, and approximately $4.6 billion for competitive implementation grants."
Self-Help Credit Union "Our mission is creating and protecting ownership and economic opportunity for all, especially people of color, women, rural residents and low-wealth families and communities.
Self-Help Credit Union has branches in NC, SC, FL and VA, and we offer remote services like online and mobile banking to make joining us easy no matter where you live." "We're poised to use a major funding award from the EPA to help create a clean energy future for all."
Solar for All "will award up to 60 grants to states, territories, Tribal governments, municipalities, and nonprofits to expand the number of low-income and disadvantaged communities primed for residential solar investment—enabling millions of low-income households to access affordable, resilient, and clean solar energy."
Sunwealth® "is a clean energy investment firm on a mission.
We invest in a better energy future by financing and managing solar projects that benefit diverse communities through clean power, carbon reduction, cost savings and job creation. We partner with skilled local solar installers, community organizations and local businesses, and investors to change who benefits from renewable energy by changing the way we invest in it."
Australian Government: Rebates & Assistance "To find what’s available, fill in the search boxes with some information about yourself and where you are in Australia.
You can add more information about the topic you’re interested in (like solar PV or energy efficiency) and what type of help (like support, grants, rebates or apps)."
Australian Government: Solar & Heat Pump Hot Water System Rebate
Solar panels have a life expectancy of around 25-30 years. After that, as many as 90% are ending up in landfills, but some companies are now providing solutions, including their efforts to make solar panel recycling as efficient as possible.
Click the Solar Panel Recycling button to see our directory of PV recyclers.